Yes especially when converting volumes internationally. Not so bad on the smaller volumes as spoons and cups are usually similar enough but when you get into fluid ounces, pints and gallons the volumes vary a lot.
In the UK and the US the fluid ounce is roughly the same size (the UK Fluid Ounce is 1.04 times the US Fluid Ounce) however when recipes call for Pints or Quarts then we can get into real trouble. In the US there are 16 Fluid Ounces in one pint whereas in the UK there are 20. This means that if the US recipe uses anything measured in Pints, unless you adjust for the difference, with a "pint" you will be adding 25% more volume in the UK than in the US. When using international recipes to create required brine concentrations for instance this will make a significant difference.