So far this year I've smoked 3 turkeys and almost never use the same process. I generally smoke 4-6 turkeys a year. I usually set 325F for my chamber target, then get close. 165F breast, 175F thigh, is my target, but it varies. Over the years I've spatched, wholed, beer canned, and turkey cannoned birds. Not much difference, actually. Spatch definitely cooks faster. The tricked I've learned in the
WSM is point the breast opposite the vent side. The vent side will run hotter.
1. January turkey. 18.98 lbs. 8% pre-brined bird from supplier so I did not brine myself. Spatched. Royal Oak Ridge briquettes over a used layer of Royal Oak lump. Hickory chunks. 354F chamber temp. Time to reach 167F in the breast, 175F in the thigh; 4 hrs 6 minutes. Tasted great!
2. May turkey. 16.29 lbs. Did not bother brining. Left bird whole (not spatched). Tried a new brand (to me) of Sonora mesquite lump charcoal. Not good stuff. Very uneven heating. Used a combination of hickory and cherry wood chunks. 167F in the breast, 160F in the thigh in 3 hrs 15 mins. Ended up parting the bird an hour after the smoke and nuking dark meat in microwave to finish. I didn't expect much from this bird, expecting to use the meat for soup, but it was so good we ate the whole thing and made soup out of the carcass bones.
3. September turkey. 16.06 lbs. Whole bird (not spatched). Did not bother brining. Royal Oak Ridge with mesquite chunks (use half as much mesquite as any other wood if you enjoy the flavor of mesquite). I put a grate in a paella pan and put the bird on the paella pan grate. Chamber temp 307F. 3 hrs 36 minutes to reach 163F in both breast and thigh. Covered with foil and towels and rested for an hour. This bird turned out fantastic; juicy, tender, and flavorful. My wife is a Texan who grew up on mesquite smoked meats so she loved it.
Bottom line: north of 300F, use the wood chunks you prefer, and for bigger birds (16 lbs+), don't bother peeking for the first 3 hours.