FWIW.... when I do sticks, nepas taught me a few things... he cooks his sticks at 150 ish for at least 24 hours for the thicker sticks... no fat out... so, that's how I do mine... if time is a concern, when you want, steam the sticks... steaming is how the commercial folks finish the cooking process...
The table below shows how time and temp can bring meat up to a safe level for consumption... it's a pasteurization table..
The charts show that, for instance, chicken can be cooked to 140 deg. F, and if held at that temperature for 35 minutes, it is perfectly safe to eat....
Beef, pork etc. can be cooked to 135 deg. F, and if held at that temperature for 36 minutes, it is perfectly safe to eat....
So, there are ways to prevent fat out and save your sausage....
Temperature........
...................... Time
°F (°C).............. 12% fat
136 (57.8)......... 81.4 min
137 (58.3)........ 65.5 min
138 (58.9)........ 52.9 min
139 (59.4)........ 43 min
140 (60.0)........ 35 min
141 (60.6)........ 28.7 min
142 (61.1)........ 23.7 min
143 (61.7)........ 19.8 min
144 (62.2)........ 16.6 min
145 (62.8)........ 13.8 min
146 (63.3)........ 11.5 min
148 (64.4)........ 7.7 min
150 (65.6)........ 4.9 min
152 (66.7)........ 2.8 min
154 (67.8)........ 1.6 min
156 (68.9)........ 1 min
158 (70.0)........ 40.9 sec
160 (71.1)........ 26.9 sec
162 (72.2)........ 17.7 sec
164 (73.3)........ 11.7 sec
166 (74.4)........ 0 sec
Table C.2: Pasteurization times
for a 7D reduction in Salmonella
for chicken and turkey (FSIS, 2005).
Temperature Time Temperature Time
°F (°C) (Minutes) °F (°C) (Seconds)
130 (54.4) 112 min... 146 (63.3) 169 sec
131 (55.0) 89 min.... 147 (63.9) 134 sec
132 (55.6) 71 min.... 148 (64.4) 107 sec
133 (56.1) 56 min.... 149 (65.0) 85 sec
134 (56.7) 45 min.... 150 (65.6) 67 sec
135 (57.2) 36 min.... 151 (66.1) 54 sec
136 (57.8) 28 min.... 152 (66.7) 43 sec
137 (58.4) 23 min.... 153 (67.2) 34 sec
138 (58.9) 18 min.... 154 (67.8) 27 sec
139 (59.5) 15 min.... 155 (68.3) 22 sec
140 (60.0) 12 min.... 156 (68.9) 17 sec
141 (60.6) 9 min...... 157 (69.4) 14 sec
142 (61.1) 8 min...... 158 (70.0) 0 sec
143 (61.7) 6 min.......
144 (62.2) 5 min.......
145 (62.8) 4 min.......
Table C.1: Pasteurization times for
beef, corned beef, lamb, pork and
cured pork (FDA, 2009, 3-401.11.B.2).